ABSTRACT
Objective To explore the clinical value of the Liver Imaging Report and Data System ( LI-RADS) with contrast enhanced ultrasound(CEUS) in the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma ( HCC) . Methods From October 2012 to July 2018 , the CEUS data of patients at high risk for HCC were retrospectively analyzed . A total of 197 lesions in 178 patients were classified with reference to the 2017 version of CEUS LI-RADS classification standard . Diagnostic reference standard was surgical pathology . The relationship between the LI-RADS classification and the pathological diagnosis was evaluated . Results One hundred and ninety-seven lesions ,with an average size of ( 2 .9 ± 1 .6)cm ,were pathologically confirmed to be 170 HCC ( 86 .3% ) ,17 non-HCC malignant lesions ( 8 .6% ) ,and 10 liver benign lesions ( 5 .1% ) . There were 6 (3 .0% ) ,37(18 .8% ) ,134 (68 .0% ) and 20 (10 .2% ) lesions classified into LR-3 ,LR-4 ,LR-5 and LR-M category ,respectively . Positive predictive values of HCC in LR-3 ,LR-4 and LR-5 category were 16 .7% (1/6) ,89 .2% (33/37) ,97 .0% (130/134) ,respectively . LR-5 category had high positive predictive value of HCC( 97 .0% ) ,but low sensitivity ( 76 .5% ) . If LR-5 category combined with LR-4 category were diagnosed as HCC ,the diagnostic accuracy was significantly higher than that of LR-5 category ( 92 .4% vs 77 .7% ) ,and the difference was statistically significant ( P ＜ 0 .05 ) . 95 .0% ( 19/20 ) lesions of LR-M category were malignant ,of which 30 .0% ( 6/20 ) lesions were HCC . 76 .9% ( 10/13 ) of intrathecal cholangiocarcinoma was characterized by LR-M . Conclusions The LI-RADS classification of CEUS has high application value for diagnosis and differentiation of HCC .
ABSTRACT
Objective To evaluate and explore the diagnostic value of focal liver lesion ( FLL) ( ≤2 cm) undetectable on conventional ultrasound by image fusion with contrast-enhanced ultrasound(CEUS) . Methods A total of 50 patients with 65 lesions( ≤2 cm) were enrolled . All lesions were undetectable on conventional ultrasound but showed clearly in CT/MRI images . Ultrasound-CT/MRI image fusion with CEUS was performed ,and the nodule detection rate and enhancement perfusion mode were analyzed . Results All the 50 patients were matched successfully ,56 lesions (86 .2% ) were detected by image fusion combined with CEUS ,among which 27 lesions (41 .5% ) were significantly different from surrounding parenchyma on conventional ultrasound , 54 lesions ( 83 .1% ) showed different enhancement from the surrounding parenchyma on CEUS . There were 46 lesions that were eventually diagnosed by surgical pathology or clinical comprehensive diagnosis . The diagnostic accuracy of image fusion with CEUS was 91 .3% (42/46) . According to different groups of MRI matching sequences ,the detection rates of T 2 sequence group and enhanced sequence group were 87 .5% (28/32) and 91 .3% (21/23) ,respectively ,there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups ( P ＝0 .686) . Conclusions CT/MRI image fusion combined with CEUS has high detection rate and diagnosis accuracy for small FLL undetectable on conventional ultrasound .
ABSTRACT
A wireless transmission system for visual prosthesis is introduced. Power and data are transmitted through inductive link between only one pair of coils, in order to reduce the size of the device. The transmitter is based on Class-E power amplifier due to its high efficiency, and a modulation circuit is added to control the dc supply of the Class-E amplifier to achieve ASK modulation of data with modulation depth of 25%. In addition, an experimental system is implemented, and test shows that it sufficiently supports a 16-channel micro-stimulator on power delivery and data transfer rate.